Endocrinology and Metabolism

Jae Hoon Chung (Chung JH)

77 Articles

Thyroid
Corrigendum: Abstract and Text Correction. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Reference Range and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2015: Won Gu Kim, Won Bae Kim, Gyeongji Woo, Hyejin Kim, Yumi Cho, Tae Yong Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Myung-Hee Shin, Jin Woo Park, Hai-Lin Park, Kyungwon Oh, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2023;38(3):357. Published online May 16, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2023.301; Corrects: Endocrinol Metab 2017;32(1):106

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Thyroid
Frequency of TERT Promoter Mutations in Real-World Analysis of 2,092 Thyroid Carcinoma Patients (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:652-63, Heera Yang et al.): Hyunju Park, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(6):949-950. Published online November 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.601; [Original]

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Thyroid
Identification of Mutations in the Thyroxine-Binding Globulin (TBG) Gene in Patients with TBG Deficiency in Korea: Jung Heo, Sang-Mi Kim, Hyun Jin Ryu, Hyunju Park, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Hyung-Doo Park, Sun Wook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(6):870-878. Published online December 7, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1591

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Background
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is a major transporter protein for thyroid hormones. The serpin family A member 7 (SERPINA7) gene codes for TBG, and mutations of the SERPINA7 gene result in TBG deficiency. Although more than 40 mutations have been reported in several countries, only a few studies of TBG deficiency and SERPINA7 gene mutation have been performed in Korea. The aim of this study is to review the clinical presentations and laboratory findings of patients with TBG deficiency and to investigate the types of SERPINA7 gene mutation.
Methods
Five unrelated Korean adults with TBG deficiency attending endocrinology clinic underwent SERPINA7 gene sequencing. Four patients harbored a SERPINA7 gene mutation. Serum thyroid hormones, anti-microsomal antibodies, and TBG were measured. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood. All exons and intron-exon boundaries of the TBG gene were amplified and sequencing was performed.
Results
Two patients were heterozygous females, and the other two were hemizygous males. One heterozygous female had coexisting hypothyroidism. The other heterozygous female was erroneously prescribed levothyroxine at a local clinic. One hemizygous male harbored a novel mutation, p.Phe269Cysfs*18, which caused TBG partial deficiency. Three patients had the p.Leu372Phefs*23 mutation, which is known as TBG-complete deficiency Japan (TBG-CDJ) and was also presented in previous mutation analyses in Korea.
Conclusion
This study presents four patients diagnosed with TBG deficiency and provides the results of SERPINA7 gene sequencing. One novel mutation, p.Phe269Cysfs*18, causing TBD-partial deficiency and three cases of TBG-CDJ were demonstrated. It is necessary to identify TBG deficiency to prevent improper treatment. Also, sequencing of the SERPINA7 gene would provide valuable information about the TBG variants in Korea.

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Development and basic performance verification of a rapid homogeneous bioassay for agonistic antibodies against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor
Motoki Hoshina, Shiomi Ojima, Atsushi Kawasaki, Kosuke Doi, Satoshi Ohta, Asuka Inoue, Hiroshi Murayama
Journal of Immunological Methods.2024; 528: 113655. CrossRef

Thyroid
Frequency of TERT Promoter Mutations in Real-World Analysis of 2,092 Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: Heera Yang, Hyunju Park, Hyun Jin Ryu, Jung Heo, Jung-Sun Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Jun-Ho Choe, Jung Han Kim, Jee Soo Kim, Hye Won Jang, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(4):652-663. Published online July 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1477

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Background
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations are associated with increased recurrence and mortality in patients with thyroid carcinoma. Previous studies on TERT promoter mutations were retrospectively conducted on a limited number of patients.
Methods
We prospectively collected data on all consecutive patients who underwent thyroid carcinoma surgery between January 2019 and December 2020 at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. We included 2,092 patients with thyroid carcinoma.
Results
Of 2,092 patients, 72 patients (3.4%) had TERT promoter mutations. However, the frequency of TERT promoter mutations was 0.5% in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) ≤1 cm and it was 5.8% in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) >1 cm. The frequency of TERT promoter mutations was significantly associated with older age at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.12; P<0.001), larger primary tumor size (OR, 2.02; P<0.001), and aggressive histological type (OR, 7.78 in follicular thyroid carcinoma; OR, 10.33 in poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma; OR, 45.92 in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; P<0.001). Advanced T stage, advanced N stage, and distant metastasis at diagnosis were highly prevalent in mutated thyroid cancers. However, initial distant metastasis was not present in patients with TERT promoter mutations in PTMC. Although the C228T mutation was more highly detected than the C250T mutation (64 cases vs. 7 cases), there were no significant clinicopathological differences.
Conclusion
This study is the first attempt to investigate the frequency of TERT promoter mutations in a real-world setting. The frequency of TERT promoter mutations in PTC was lower than expected, and in PTMC, young patients, and female patients, the frequency was very low.

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TERT Promoter Mutations Frequency Across Race, Sex, and Cancer Type
Talal El Zarif, Marc Machaalani, Rashad Nawfal, Amin H Nassar, Wanling Xie, Toni K Choueiri, Mark Pomerantz
The Oncologist.2024; 29(1): 8. CrossRef
Gene mutations as predictors of central lymph mode metastasis in cN0 PTC: A meta‐analysis
Jiaqi Ji, Xinlong Shi
Clinical Genetics.2024; 105(2): 130. CrossRef
Risk stratification by combining common genetic mutations and TERT promoter methylation in papillary thyroid cancer
Ye Sang, Guanghui Hu, Junyu Xue, Mengke Chen, Shubin Hong, Rengyun Liu
Endocrine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Shortened telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes is associated with cumulative radioactive iodine doses in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Hoonsung Choi, Sun Wook Cho, Hwan Hee Kim, Ka Hee Yi, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park
Cancer.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
2023 Update of the Korean Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Thyroid Nodules
Eun Kyung Lee, Young Joo Park
Clinical Thyroidology®.2024; 36(4): 153. CrossRef
Deciphering the Functions of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in Head and Neck Cancer
Tsung-Jang Yeh, Chi-Wen Luo, Jeng-Shiun Du, Chien-Tzu Huang, Min-Hung Wang, Tzer-Ming Chuang, Yuh-Ching Gau, Shih-Feng Cho, Yi-Chang Liu, Hui-Hua Hsiao, Li-Tzong Chen, Mei-Ren Pan, Hui-Ching Wang, Sin-Hua Moi
Biomedicines.2023; 11(3): 691. CrossRef
2023 Korean Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules
Young Joo Park, Eun Kyung Lee, Young Shin Song, Soo Hwan Kang, Bon Seok Koo, Sun Wook Kim, Dong Gyu Na, Seung-Kuk Baek, So Won Oh, Min Kyoung Lee, Sang-Woo Lee, Young Ah Lee, Yong Sang Lee, Ji Ye Lee, Dong-Jun Lim, Leehi Joo, Yuh-Seog Jung, Chan Kwon Jung
International Journal of Thyroidology.2023; 16(1): 1. CrossRef
Thyroid Cancer, Iodine, and Gene Mutation
Jae Hoon Chung
International Journal of Thyroidology.2023; 16(1): 89. CrossRef
Mortality rate and causes of death in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Jung Heo, Hyun Jin Ryu, Hyunju Park, Tae Hyuk Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Jae Hoon Chung
Endocrine.2023; 83(3): 671. CrossRef
TERT promoter mutations in thyroid cancer
Michiko Matsuse, Norisato Mitsutake
Endocrine Journal.2023; 70(11): 1035. CrossRef
TERT Promoter and BRAF V600E Mutations in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Institution Experience in Korea
Min Jhi Kim, Jin Kyong Kim, Gi Jeong Kim, Sang-Wook Kang, Jandee Lee, Jong Ju Jeong, Woong Youn Chung, Daham Kim, Kee-Hyun Nam
Cancers.2022; 14(19): 4928. CrossRef
Frequency of TERT Promoter Mutations in Real-World Analysis of 2,092 Thyroid Carcinoma Patients (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:652-63, Heera Yang et al.)
Hyunju Park, Jae Hoon Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(6): 949. CrossRef
Frequency of TERT Promoter Mutations in Real-World Analysis of 2,092 Thyroid Carcinoma Patients (Endocrinol Metab 2022;37:652-63, Heera Yang et al.)
Sue Youn Kim, Chan Kwon Jung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(6): 947. CrossRef

Calcium & Bone Metabolism
Bone Mineral Density Screening Interval and Transition to Osteoporosis in Asian Women: Hyunju Park, Heera Yang, Jung Heo, Hye Won Jang, Jae Hoon Chung, Tae Hyuk Kim, Yong-Ki Min, Sun Wook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(3):506-512. Published online June 9, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2022.1429

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Background
Bone mineral density (BMD) testing is indicated for women aged 65 years, but screening strategies for osteoporosis are controversial. Currently, there is no study focusing on the BMD testing interval in Asian populations. The current study aimed to evaluate the estimated time interval for screening osteoporosis.
Methods
We conducted a study of 6,385 subjects aged 50 years and older who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry screening more than twice at Samsung Medical Center as participants in a routine health checkup. Subjects were divided based on baseline T-score into mild osteopenia (T-score, <–1.0 to >–1.5), moderate osteopenia (T-score, ≤–1.5 to >–2.0), and severe osteopenia (T-score, ≤–2.0 to >–2.5). Information about personal medical and social history was collected by a structured questionnaire.
Results
The adjusted estimated BMD testing interval for 10% of the subjects to develop osteoporosis was 13.2 years in mild osteopenia, 5.0 years in moderate osteopenia, and 1.5 years in severe osteopenia.
Conclusion
Our study provides extended information about BMD screening intervals in Asian female population. Baseline T-score was important for predicting BMD screening interval, and repeat BMD testing within 5 years might not be necessary in mild osteopenia subjects.

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Effects of Bazedoxifene/Vitamin D Combination Therapy on Serum Vitamin D Levels and Bone Turnover Markers in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Chaiho Jeong, Jeonghoon Ha, Jun-Il Yoo, Young-Kyun Lee, Jung Hee Kim, Yong-Chan Ha, Yong-Ki Min, Dong-Won Byun, Ki-Hyun Baek, Ho Yeon Chung
Journal of Bone Metabolism.2023; 30(2): 189. CrossRef
Bone-modifying agents for non–small-cell lung cancer patients with bone metastases during the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A narrative review
Jinyoung Kim, Chaiho Jeong, Jeongmin Lee, Jeonghoon Ha, Ki-Hyun Baek, Seohyun Kim, Tai Joon An, Chan Kwon Park, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Jeong Uk Lim
Seminars in Oncology.2023; 50(3-5): 105. CrossRef

Thyroid Big Data Articles (National Health Insurance Service Database)
Graves’ Disease and the Risk of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Korean Population-Based Study: Yoon Young Cho, Bongseong Kim, Dong Wook Shin, Hye Ryoun Jang, Bo-Yeon Kim, Chan-Hee Jung, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Kyungdo Han, Tae Hyuk Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2022;37(2):281-289. Published online April 6, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1333

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Background
Hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the hyperdynamic state, which is reversible after restoring euthyroidism. However, long-term follow-up of renal dysfunction in patients with hyperthyroidism has not been performed.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance database and biannual health checkup data. We included 41,778 Graves’ disease (GD) patients and 41,778 healthy controls, matched by age and sex. The incidences of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were calculated in GD patients and controls. The cumulative dose and duration of antithyroid drugs (ATDs) were calculated for each patient and categorized into the highest, middle, and lowest tertiles.
Results
Among 41,778 GD patients, 55 ESRD cases occurred during 268,552 person-years of follow-up. Relative to the controls, regardless of smoking, drinking, or comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease, GD patients had a 47% lower risk of developing ESRD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37 to 0.76). In particular, GD patients with a higher baseline GFR (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2; HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.11 to 0.99), longer treatment duration (>33 months; HR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.58) or higher cumulative dose (>16,463 mg; HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.57) of ATDs had a significantly reduced risk of ESRD.
Conclusion
This was the first epidemiological study on the effect of GD on ESRD, and we demonstrated that GD population had a reduced risk for developing ESRD.

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Renal function changes in patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism: a novel postulated mechanism
Magdy Mohamed Allam, Hanaa Tarek El-Zawawy, Tarek Hussein El-Zawawy
Endocrine.2023; 82(1): 78. CrossRef
Effect of Hyperthyroidism on Preventing Renal Insufficiency
Tae Yong Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(2): 220. CrossRef
Effects and Clinical Value of Peritoneal Dialysis on Water and Water Balance, Adverse Reactions, Quality of Life, and Clinical Prognosis in Patients with Decompensated Chronic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Xichao Wang, Miaomiao Zhang, Na Sun, Wenxiu Chang, Gang Chen
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef

Thyroid
Antithyroid Drug Treatment in Graves’ Disease: Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):491-499. Published online June 16, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.1070

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Graves’ disease is associated with thyrotropin (TSH) receptor stimulating antibody, for which there is no therapeutic agent. This disease is currently treated through inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis or destruction of the thyroid gland. Recurrence after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment is common. Recent studies have shown that the longer is the duration of use of ATD, the higher is the remission rate. Considering the relationship between clinical outcomes and iodine intake, recurrence of Graves’ disease is more common in iodine-deficient areas than in iodine-sufficient areas. Iodine restriction in an iodine-excessive area does not improve the effectiveness of ATD or increase remission rates. Recently, Danish and Korean nationwide studies noted significantly higher prevalence of birth defects in newborns exposed to ATD during the first trimester compared to that of those who did not have such exposure. The prevalence of birth defects was lowest when propylthiouracil (PTU) was used and decreased by only 0.15% when methimazole was changed to PTU in the first trimester. Therefore, it is best not to use ATD in the first trimester or to change to PTU before pregnancy.

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Выраженность окислительного стресса и энзиматическая активность нейтрофилов крови у пациентов с болезнью Грейвса в зависимости от компенсации гипертиреоза
М. А. Дудина, С. А. Догадин, А. А. Савченко, И. И. Гвоздев
Ateroscleroz.2023; 18(4): 411. CrossRef
Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease
Yixuan Huang, Yihang Xu, Murong Xu, Xiaotong Zhao, Mingwei Chen
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Sex-specific risk factors associated with graves’ orbitopathy in Korean patients with newly diagnosed graves’ disease
Jooyoung Lee, Jinmo Kang, Hwa Young Ahn, Jeong Kyu Lee
Eye.2023; 37(16): 3382. CrossRef
Methimazole, an Effective Neutralizing Agent of the Sulfur Mustard Derivative 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide
Albert Armoo, Tanner Diemer, Abigail Donkor, Jerrod Fedorchik, Severine Van slambrouck, Rachel Willand-Charnley, Brian A. Logue
ACS Bio & Med Chem Au.2023; 3(5): 448. CrossRef
Increased risk of incident gout in patients with hyperthyroidism: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Ju-Yeun Lee, So-Yeon Park, Seo Young Sohn
Rheumatology International.2023; 44(3): 451. CrossRef
The influence of thionamides on intra-thyroidal uptake of 131I during radioiodine-131 treatment of Graves’ disease
Christian Happel, Benjamin Bockisch, Britta Leonhäuser, Amir Sabet, Frank Grünwald, Daniel Groener
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Usefulness of Real-Time Quantitative Microvascular Ultrasonography for Differentiation of Graves’ Disease from Destructive Thyroiditis in Thyrotoxic Patients
Han-Sang Baek, Ji-Yeon Park, Chai-Ho Jeong, Jeonghoon Ha, Moo Il Kang, Dong-Jun Lim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2022; 37(2): 323. CrossRef
The chemiluminescent and enzymatic activity of blood neutrophils in patients with Graves' disease depending on hyperthyroidism compensation
M. A. Dudina, A. A. Savchenko, S. A. Dogadin, I. I. Gvozdev
Clinical and experimental thyroidology.2022; 18(1): 4. CrossRef
Risk of Diabetes in Patients with Long-Standing Graves’ Disease: A Longitudinal Study
Eyun Song, Min Ji Koo, Eunjin Noh, Soon Young Hwang, Min Jeong Park, Jung A Kim, Eun Roh, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Geum Joon Cho, Hye Jin Yoo
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(6): 1277. CrossRef

Thyroid
Update on Thyroid Hormone Levels and Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population Based on Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013 to 2015): Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(1):7-13. Published online March 19, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.1.7

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In 2017, the first Korean nationwide data on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, serum free thyroxine (fT₄) levels, and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) were published based on a population of 7,061 Koreans who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI. The mean TSH level was 2.16 mIU/L, with a reference interval of 0.59 to 7.03 mIU/L (men 2.09 mIU/L, women 2.24 mIU/L, P<0.001). A U-shaped association was found between serum TSH levels and age. The mean fT₄ level was 1.25 ng/dL, and its reference interval was 0.92 to 1.60 ng/dL (men 1.29 ng/dL, women 1.20 ng/dL, P<0.0001). Serum fT₄ levels decreased with age (P for trend <0.0001). Serum thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) was detected in 7.30% of participants (men 4.33%, women 10.62%). TPOAb titers tended to increase with age, and were higher in women than in men. The median UIC was 294 µg/L, and UIC showed a U-shaped relationship with age. According to the World Health Organization recommendations, only 23% of participants were in the adequate range of iodine intake, while 65% were in the above requirements or excessive, and 12% in insufficient. The prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in Koreans was 0.34% to 0.54% and 0.73% to 1.43%, respectively.

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Association between Thyroid Function and Insulin Resistance Indices in Korean Adolescents: Findings from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Eunji Mun, Hye Ah Lee, Jung Eun Choi, Rosie Lee, Kyung Hee Kim, Hyesook Park, Hae Soon Kim
Children.2024; 11(3): 370. CrossRef
Diagnostic Value of Carotid Plaque Assessment with AIS Based on Quantitative Parameters of Dual-Layer Detector Spectral CT
Xiaoying Meng, Fei Li, Wenpei Wu, Juncang Wu
International Journal of General Medicine.2024; Volume 17: 1263. CrossRef
Hyperthyroidism
Sun Y. Lee, Elizabeth N. Pearce
JAMA.2023; 330(15): 1472. CrossRef
Exploring the Association between Thyroid Function and Frailty: Insights from Representative Korean Data
Youn-Ju Lee, Min-Hee Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Jung-Min Lee, Sang Ah Chang, Jeongmin Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(6): 729. CrossRef
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Prevalence, Health Impact, and Treatment Landscape
Won Sang Yoo, Hyun Kyung Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 500. CrossRef
Association between Iodine Intake, Thyroid Function, and Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case-Control Study
Kyungsik Kim, Sun Wook Cho, Young Joo Park, Kyu Eun Lee, Dong-Wook Lee, Sue K. Park
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(4): 790. CrossRef

Thyroid
Evaluation of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Urinary Iodine Concentrations in Koreans Based on the Data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013 to 2015): Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):160-163. Published online May 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.160

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No nationwide data have been published about thyroid hormone levels and urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in Korea. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korean Thyroid Association established a project to evaluate the nationwide thyroid hormone profile and UICs in healthy Koreans as part of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VI (2013 to 2015), a nationwide, cross-sectional survey of the Korean population that enrolled 7,061 individuals who were weighted to represent the entire Korean population. Based on the KNHANES VI, the geometric mean value of serum thyroid stimulating hormone was 2.16 mIU/L, and its reference interval was 0.59 to 7.03 mIU/L. The mean value of serum free thyroxine was 1.25 ng/dL, and its reference interval was 0.92 to 1.60 ng/dL. The median UIC in the Korean population was reported to be 294 μg/L, corresponding to ‘above requirements’ iodine intake according to the World Health Organization recommendations. A U-shaped relationship of UIC with age was found. The prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism in the Korean population based on the KNHANES VI was 0.54% and 0.73%, respectively.

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Correlation between shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among male workers in the steel manufacturing company of Korea: a cross-sectional study
Kiseok Kim, Yong-Jin Lee, Soon-Chan Kwon, Young-Sun Min, Hyun Kyo Lee, Gwangin Baek, Sang Hyeon Kim, Eun-Chul Jang
Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Prevalence, Health Impact, and Treatment Landscape
Won Sang Yoo, Hyun Kyung Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 500. CrossRef
T4+T3 Combination Therapy: An Unsolved Problem of Increasing Magnitude and Complexity
Wilmar M. Wiersinga
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 938. CrossRef
Update on Thyroid Hormone Levels and Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population Based on Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013 to 2015)
Jae Hoon Chung
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 35(1): 7. CrossRef
Different Relationships Between Thyrotropin and Muscle Strength According to Sex and Age in Euthyroid Koreans (The 6th Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2014–2015)
Seong Hee Ahn, Da Hea Seo, Yongin Cho, Mihye Jung, So Hun Kim, Seongbin Hong
Thyroid.2020; 30(12): 1710. CrossRef

Thyroid
Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Initial Distant Metastasis: A Multicenter Study in Korea: Hosu Kim, Hye In Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jaehoon Jung, Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Ji Min Han, Yoon Young Cho, Tae Hyuk Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2018;33(2):287-295. Published online June 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2018.33.2.287

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Background

Most patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have a favorable prognosis. However, patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis have not been commonly found, and their clinical characteristics have seldom been reported. In this study, we analyzed the clinical features and prognosis of patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis in Korea.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 242 patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis treated from 1994 to 2013, collected from five tertiary hospitals in Korea.

Results

The patients' median age was 51 years, and 65% were women. They were followed for a median of 7 years. Lung was the most common site of distant metastasis: only lung 149 patients (62%), only bone 49 (20%), other single site one (pleura), and combined sites 43 (40 were lung and bone, two were bone and other site, and one was lung and other site). At the time of diagnosis, 50 patients (21%) had non-radioactive iodine (RAI) avidity. Five-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 85% and 10-year DSS was 68%, which were better than those in previous studies. After multivariate analysis, old age, male sex, metastatic site, and histologic type (follicular type) were significant factors for poor prognosis. However, negative RAI avidity status was not a significant prognostic factor after adjusting for other variables.

Conclusion

The prognosis of Korean patients with DTC and initial distant metastasis was better than in previous studies. Old age, male sex, metastasis site, and histologic type were significant prognostic factors.

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Case report: A case of hyperthyroidism secondary to bone metastasis of differentiated thyroid cancer
Tingyu Gu, Zhihong Zhao, Yuanyuan Shi, Zhenhua Sun, Yao Wang, Zhiyuan He, Kun Wang
Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Theranostics of Thyroid Cancer
Luca Giovanella, Murat Tuncel, Atena Aghaee, Alfredo Campenni, Armando De Virgilio, Petra Petranović Ovčariček
Seminars in Nuclear Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal versus Recombinant Human TSH as Preparation for I-131 Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Luca Giovanella, Maria Luisa Garo, Alfredo Campenní, Petra Petranović Ovčariček, Rainer Görges
Cancers.2023; 15(9): 2510. CrossRef
Molecular Theranostics in Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Petra Petranović Ovčariček, Alfredo Campenni, Bart de Keizer, Desiree Deandreis, Michael C. Kreissl, Alexis Vrachimis, Murat Tuncel, Luca Giovanella
Cancers.2023; 15(17): 4290. CrossRef
Differentiating pulmonary metastasis from benign lung nodules in thyroid cancer patients using dual-energy CT parameters
Taeho Ha, Wooil Kim, Jaehyung Cha, Young Hen Lee, Hyung Suk Seo, So Young Park, Nan Hee Kim, Sung Ho Hwang, Hwan Seok Yong, Yu-Whan Oh, Eun-Young Kang, Cherry Kim
European Radiology.2022; 32(3): 1902. CrossRef
Feasibility of Recombinant Human TSH as a Preparation for Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Distant Metastases from Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Comparison of Long-Term Survival Outcomes with Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal
Hsi-Chen Tsai, Kung-Chu Ho, Shih-Hsin Chen, Jing-Ren Tseng, Lan-Yan Yang, Kun-Ju Lin, Ju-Chin Cheng, Miaw-Jene Liou
Diagnostics.2022; 12(1): 221. CrossRef
Long-Term Quality of Life (5-15 Years Post-Thyroidectomy) of Thyroid Carcinoma Patients in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals
Mohammed Yousef Alyousef, Mohammed Khaled Ghandour, Mohammed Al-Mohawes, Mosaad Alnwaisir, Tahera Islam, Khalid Al Qahtani
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of Lipocalin-2 and Twist expression in thyroid cancers and its relationship with epithelial mesenchymal transition
Pınar Celepli, İrem Bigat, Sefika Karabulut, Salih Celepli, Sema Hücümenoğlu
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Clinical Study
Disease-Specific Mortality of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Cohort Study: Min Ji Jeon, Won Gu Kim, Tae Hyuk Kim, Hee Kyung Kim, Bo Hyun Kim, Hyon-Seung Yi, Eun Sook Kim, Hosu Kim, Young Nam Kim, Eun Heui Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Ho-Cheol Kang, Jae Hoon Chung, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(4):434-441. Published online November 22, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.4.434

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Background

Little is known regarding disease-specific mortality of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients and its risk factors in Korea.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed a large multi-center cohort of thyroid cancer from six Korean hospitals and included 8,058 DTC patients who underwent initial surgery between 1996 and 2005.

Results

Mean age of patients at diagnosis was 46.2±12.3 years; 87% were females. Most patients had papillary thyroid cancer (PTC; 97%) and underwent total thyroidectomy (85%). Mean size of the primary tumor was 1.6±1.0 cm. Approximately 40% of patients had cervical lymph node (LN) metastases and 1.3% had synchronous distant metastases. During 11.3 years of follow-up, 150 disease-specific mortalities (1.9%) occurred; the 10-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate was 98%. According to the year of diagnosis, the number of disease-specific mortality was not different. However, the rate of disease-specific mortality decreased during the study period (from 7.7% to 0.7%). Older age (≥45 years) at diagnosis, male, follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) versus PTC, larger tumor size (>2 cm), presence of extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lateral cervical LN metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage were independent risk factors of disease-specific mortality of DTC patients.

Conclusion

The rate of disease-specific mortality of Korean DTC patients was 1.9%; the 10-year DSS rate was 98% during 1996 to 2005. Older age at diagnosis, male, FTC, larger tumor size, presence of ETE, lateral cervical LN metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stages were significant risk factors of disease-specific mortality of Korean DTC patients.

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Response: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Reference Range and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2015 (Endocrinol Metab 2017;32:106-14, Won Gu Kim et al.): Won Gu Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(2):304-305. Published online June 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.2.304

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Prevalence of hypothyroidism in Japanese chronic kidney disease patients
Rena Yuasa, Yasushi Ohashi, Akinobu Saito, Kumiko Tsuboi, Seiichiro Shishido, Ken Sakai
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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Reference Range and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2015: Won Gu Kim, Won Bae Kim, Gyeongji Woo, Hyejin Kim, Yumi Cho, Tae Yong Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Myung-Hee Shin, Jin Woo Park, Hai-Lin Park, Kyungwon Oh, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(1):106-114. Published online January 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.1.106; Correction in: Endocrinol Metab 2023;38(3):357

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Background

No nationwide epidemiological study evaluating the prevalence of subclinical and overt forms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism has yet been conducted in Korea. This study aimed to evaluate the reference range of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and the national prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions in Korea.

Methods

Nation-wide cross-sectional data were analyzed from a representative sample of the civilian, non-institutionalized Korean population (n=6,564) who underwent blood testing for thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) as part of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (2013 to 2015).

Results

The reference interval of serum TSH in the Korean reference population was 0.62 to 6.68 mIU/L. Based on this reference interval, the prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism was 0.73% (males 0.40%, females 1.10%) and 3.10% (males 2.26%, females 4.04%), respectively. The prevalence of hypothyroidism increased with age until the age group between 50 to 59 years. Positive TPOAb were found in 7.30% of subjects (males 4.33%, females 10.62%). The prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism TPOAb-positive subjects was 5.16% and 10.88%, respectively. The prevalence of overt and subclinical hyperthyroidism was 0.54% (males 0.30%, females 0.81%) and 2.98% (males 2.43%, females, 3.59%), respectively.

Conclusion

The Serum TSH reference levels in the Korean population were higher than the corresponding levels in Western countries. Differences were found in the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism according to age, sex, and TPOAb positivity. This study provides important baseline information for understanding patterns of thyroid dysfunction and diseases in Korea.

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Clinical Study
Triiodothyronine Levels Are Independently Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Euthyroid Middle-Aged Subjects: Hye Jeong Kim, Ji Cheol Bae, Hyeong Kyu Park, Dong Won Byun, Kyoil Suh, Myung Hi Yoo, Jae Hyeon Kim, Yong-Ki Min, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2016;31(2):311-319. Published online May 13, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2016.31.2.311

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Background

Recent studies have shown an association between thyroid hormone levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among euthyroid individuals; however, there have been some inconsistencies between studies. Here, we evaluated the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and MetS in euthyroid middle-aged subjects in a large cohort.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 13,496 euthyroid middle-aged subjects who participated in comprehensive health examinations was performed. Subjects were grouped according to thyroid stimulating hormone, total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), and T3-to-T4 ratio quartile categories. We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for MetS according to thyroid hormone quartiles using logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

Of the study patients, 12% (n=1,664) had MetS. A higher T3 level and T3-to-T4 ratio were associated with unfavourable metabolic profiles, such as higher body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin, and lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The proportion of participants with MetS increased across the T3 quartile categories (P for trend <0.001) and the T3-to-T4 ratio quartile categories (P for trend <0.001). The multi-variate-adjusted OR (95% confidence interval) for MetS in the highest T3 quartile group was 1.249 (1.020 to 1.529) compared to the lowest T3 quartile group, and that in the highest T3-to-T4 ratio quartile group was 1.458 (1.141 to 1.863) compared to the lowest T3-to-T4 ratio quartile group, even after adjustment for potential confounders.

Conclusion

Serum T3 levels and T3-to-T4 ratio are independently associated with MetS in euthyroid middle-aged subjects. Longitudinal studies are needed to define this association and its potential health implications.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals on the vitronectin-receptor (integrin αvβ3)-mediated cell adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
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Could the ketogenic diet induce a shift in thyroid function and support a metabolic advantage in healthy participants? A pilot randomized-controlled-crossover trial
Stella Iacovides, Shane K. Maloney, Sindeep Bhana, Zareena Angamia, Rebecca M. Meiring, Carla Pegoraro
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Mediation effects of thyroid function in the associations between phthalate exposure and lipid metabolism in adults
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The role of thyroid hormone in metabolism and metabolic syndrome
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Ladan Mehran, Atieh Amouzegar, Fereidoun Azizi
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High free triiodothyronine and free-triiodothyronine-to-free-thyroxine ratio levels are associated with metabolic syndrome in a euthyroid population
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Clinical Study
Characteristics of Korean Patients with Antithyroid Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis: A Multicenter Study in Korea: Hee Kyung Kim, Jee Hee Yoon, Min Ji Jeon, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Min Jin Lee, Bo Hyun Kim, In Joo Kim, Ji Young Joung, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Ho-Cheol Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(4):475-480. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.475

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Background

Antithyroid drugs (ATDs) can lead to the development of agranulocytosis, which is the most serious adverse effect. Characteristics of ATD-induced agranulocytosis (AIA) have seldom been reported due to the rarity. In this study, we characterized the clinical features for AIA in Korean patients.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed data from patients with AIA diagnosed between 1997 and 2014 at four tertiary hospitals. Agranulocytosis was defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) below 500/mm³.

Results

The mean age of the patients (11 males, 43 females) was 38.2±14.9 years. Forty-eight patients (88.9%) with AIA had fever and sore throat on initial presentation, 20.4% of patients developed AIA during the second course of treatment, and 75.9% of patients suffered AIA within 3 months after initiation of ATD. The patients taking methimazole (n=39) showed lower levels of ANC and more frequent use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor than propylthiouracil (n=15) users. The median duration of agranulocytosis was 5.5 days (range, 1 to 20). No differences were observed between the long (≥6 days) and short recovery time (≤5 days) groups in terms of age, gender, ATDs, duration of ATDs, or initial ANC levels. Four patients (7.4%) who were taking ATDs for less than 2 months died of sepsis on the first or second day of hospitalization.

Conclusion

The majority of AIA incidents occur in the early treatment period. Considering the high fatality rate of AIA, an early aggressive therapeutic approach is critical and patients should be well informed regarding the warning symptoms of the disease.

Citations

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Yayi He, Jie Zheng, Qian Zhang, Peng Hou, Feng Zhu, Jian Yang, Wenhao Li, Pu Chen, Shu Liu, Bao Zhang, Bingyin Shi
Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Use of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor in the treatment of methimazole‐induced agranulocytosis: a case report
Asha Birmingham, Carissa Mancuso, Craig Williams
Clinical Case Reports.2017; 5(10): 1701. CrossRef
2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis
Douglas S. Ross, Henry B. Burch, David S. Cooper, M. Carol Greenlee, Peter Laurberg, Ana Luiza Maia, Scott A. Rivkees, Mary Samuels, Julie Ann Sosa, Marius N. Stan, Martin A. Walter
Thyroid.2016; 26(10): 1343. CrossRef

Clinical Study
Economic Evaluation of Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Stimulation vs. Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal Prior to Radioiodine Ablation for Thyroid Cancer: The Korean Perspective: Seo Young Sohn, Hye Won Jang, Yoon Young Cho, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(4):531-542. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.531

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Background

Previous studies have suggested that recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) stimulation is an acceptable alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) when radioiodine remnant ablation is planned for thyroid cancer treatment, based on superior short-term quality of life with non-inferior remnant ablation efficacy. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of radioiodine remnant ablation using rhTSH, compared with the traditional preparation method which renders patients hypothyroid by THW, in Korean perspective.

Methods

This economic evaluation considered the costs and benefits to the Korean public healthcare system. Clinical experts were surveyed regarding the current practice of radioiodine ablation in Korea and their responses helped inform assumptions used in a cost effectiveness model. Markov modelling with 17 weekly cycles was used to assess the incremental costs per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) associated with rhTSH. Clinical inputs were based on a multi-center, randomized controlled trial comparing remnant ablation success after rhTSH preparation with THW. The additional costs associated with rhTSH were considered relative to the clinical benefits and cost offsets.

Results

The additional benefits of rhTSH (0.036 QALY) are achieved with an additional cost of Korean won ₩961,105, equating to cost per QALY of ₩26,697,361. Sensitivity analyses had only a modest impact upon cost-effectiveness, with one-way sensitivity results of approximately ₩33,000,000/QALY.

Conclusion

The use of rhTSH is a cost-effective alternative to endogenous hypothyroid stimulation prior to radioiodine ablation for patients who have undergone thyroidectomy in Korea.

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Comparison of Recombinant Human Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal for 131I Therapy in Patients With Intermediate- to High-Risk Thyroid Cancer
Sohyun Park, Ji-In Bang, Keunyoung Kim, Youngduk Seo, Ari Chong, Chae Moon Hong, Dong-Eun Lee, Miyoung Choi, Sang-Woo Lee, So Won Oh
Clinical Nuclear Medicine.2024; 49(3): e96. CrossRef
Thyroid Hormone Withdrawal versus Recombinant Human TSH as Preparation for I-131 Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Luca Giovanella, Maria Luisa Garo, Alfredo Campenní, Petra Petranović Ovčariček, Rainer Görges
Cancers.2023; 15(9): 2510. CrossRef
Health-related quality of life of thyroid cancer patients undergoing radioiodine therapy: a cohort real-world study in a reference public cancer hospital in Brazil
Jayda Eiras Ramim, Marcella Araugio Soares Cardoso, Gessen Lopes Carneiro de Oliveira, Maria Luisa Gomes, Tiago Teixeira Guimarães, Rossana Corbo Ramalho de Mello, Anke Bergmann, Priscilla Brunelli Pujatti
Supportive Care in Cancer.2020; 28(8): 3771. CrossRef
Predictive factors determining incomplete response to radioiodine therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Ewelina Szczepanek-Parulska, Magdalena Wojewoda-Korbelak, Martyna Borowczyk, Malgorzata Kaluzna, Barbara Brominska, Katarzyna Ziemnicka, Rafal Czepczynski, Maciej Baczyk, Marek Ruchala
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Initial Adoption of Recombinant Human Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Following Thyroidectomy in the Medicare Thyroid Cancer Patient Population
Michaela A. Dinan, Yanhong Li, Shelby D. Reed, Julie Ann Sosa
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Triennial Report ofEndocrinology and Metabolism, 2015 to 2017
Eun-Jung Rhee, Hey Yeon Jang, Won-Young Lee
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Recombinant human TSH stimulated thyroglobulin levels at remnant ablation predict structural incomplete response to treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Jeonghoon Ha, Min Hee Kim, Kwanhoon Jo, Yejee Lim, Ja Seong Bae, Sohee Lee, Moo Il Kang, Bong Yun Cha, Dong Jun Lim
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Does the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Increase in Thyroid Cancer Survivors?
Min-Hee Kim, Jin-young Huh, Dong-jun Lim, Moo-Il Kang
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Thyroid
Incidence and Prevalence of Overt Hypothyroidism and Causative Diseases in Korea as Determined Using Claims Data Provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service: Gi Hyeon Seo, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(3):288-296. Published online January 5, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.3.288

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Background

The incidence and prevalence of overt hypothyroidism have been reported to be 2 to 4/1,000 population/year and 8 to 13/1,000 population, respectively, in foreign countries. As there has been no nationwide survey to obtain data in Korea, the present study investigated the incidence and prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in Korea using claims data provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. The proportions of causative diseases for hypothyroidism were also analyzed.

Methods

This study was retrospectively performed with 541,969 Korean patients (92,832 men and 449,137 women), with overt hypothyroidism, treated with thyroid hormone between 2008 and 2012.

Results

The incidence of overt hypothyroidism in Korea was 2.26/1,000 population/year (0.78 in men and 3.72 in women), and the prevalence was 14.28/1,000 population (4.40 in men and 24.03 in women). When patients with thyroid cancer were excluded, the incidence was 1.56/1,000 population/year (0.54 in men and 2.57 in women). The incidence increased with age, with peaks in and after the late 60s in men and in the early 50s in women. The prevalence peaked in the early 70s in men and in the late 50s in women.

Conclusion

This is a report of the first nationwide investigation of the incidence and prevalence of overt hypothyroidism in Korea, although it is limited to patients treated with thyroid hormone.

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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Reference Range and Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in the Korean Population: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013 to 2015
Won Gu Kim, Won Bae Kim, Gyeongji Woo, Hyejin Kim, Yumi Cho, Tae Yong Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Myung-Hee Shin, Jin Woo Park, Hai-Lin Park, Kyungwon Oh, Jae Hoon Chung
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The relationship of 19 functional polymorphisms in iodothyronine deiodinase and psychological well-being in hypothyroid patients
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Concomitant Thyroid Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Literature Review
Toru Shizuma
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Hypothyroidism among SLE patients: Case–control study
Abdulla Watad, Naim Mahroum, Aaron Whitby, Smadar Gertel, Doron Comaneshter, Arnon D. Cohen, Howard Amital
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Thyroid
Weight Changes in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma during Postoperative Long-Term Follow-up under Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Suppression: Seo Young Sohn, Ji Young Joung, Yoon Young Cho, Sun Mi Park, Sang Man Jin, Jae Hoon Chung, Sun Wook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(3):343-351. Published online August 4, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.3.343

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Background

There are limited data about whether patients who receive initial treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) gain or lose weight during long-term follow-up under thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression. This study was aimed to evaluate whether DTC patients under TSH suppression experience long-term weight gain after initial treatment. We also examined the impact of the radioactive iodine ablation therapy (RAIT) preparation method on changes of weight, comparing thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) and recombinant human TSH (rhTSH).

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 700 DTC patients who underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by either RAIT and levothyroxine (T4) replacement or T4 replacement alone. The control group included 350 age-matched patients with benign thyroid nodules followed during same period. Anthropometric data were measured at baseline, 1 to 2 years, and 3 to 4 years after thyroidectomy. Comparisons were made between weight and body mass index (BMI) at baseline and follow-up.

Results

Significant gains in weight and BMI were observed 3 to 4 years after initial treatment for female DTC but not in male patients. These gains among female DTC patients were also significant compared to age-matched control. Women in the THW group gained a significant amount of weight and BMI compared to baseline, while there was no increase in weight or BMI in the rhTSH group. There were no changes in weight and BMI in men according to RAIT preparation methods.

Conclusion

Female DTC patients showed significant gains in weight and BMI during long-term follow-up after initial treatment. These changes were seen only in patients who underwent THW for RAIT.

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Impact of a mobile health intervention based on multi-theory model of health behavior change on self-management in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Yang Jiang, Xiangju Sun, Maomin Jiang, Hewei Min, Jing Wang, Xinghua Fu, Jiale Qi, Zhenjie Yu, Xiaomei Zhu, Yibo Wu
Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Thyroidectomy Effects on the Body Mass Index and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hyder Mirghani, Ahmad M Fnjan, Abdullah F Almalki, Ali F Almadan, Omar Abdullah M Alammar, Abdulaziz S Alhwiati, Amer A Laradhi, Ahmed M Bakour, Mohamad A Aljahed, Abdulmajeed M Alzahrani
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Pre-surgery dietician counseling can prevent post-thyroidectomy body weight gain: results of an intervention trial
Laura Croce, Cristina Pallavicini, Noemi Busca, Benedetto Calì, Giuseppe Bellastella, Francesca Coperchini, Flavia Magri, Luca Chiovato, Hellas Cena, Mario Rotondi
Endocrine.2023; 81(2): 246. CrossRef
Determinants and mediating mechanisms of quality of life and disease-specific symptoms among thyroid cancer patients: the design of the WaTCh study
Floortje Mols, Dounya Schoormans, Romana Netea-Maier, Olga Husson, Sandra Beijer, Katrijn Van Deun, Wouter Zandee, Marleen Kars, Pleun C. M. Wouters van Poppel, Suat Simsek, Patrick van Battum, Jérôme M. H. Kisters, Jan Paul de Boer, Elske Massolt, Rachel
Thyroid Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of a low-iodine diet in post-thyroidectomy thyroid cancer patients undergoing I131 therapy at the Vietnam National Cancer Hospital
Bach Viet Hoang, Tien Thi Hong Nguyen, Yen Thi Duong, Hoa Thi Thanh Nguyen, Thu Ha Nguyen, Thanh Thi Nguyen, Lieu Thi Thu Nguyen, Huong Thi Le
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Positive effects of thyroid replacement therapy on assisted reproductive technology outcomes in women with subclinical hypothyroidism with positive thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies
Himanshu Arora, Ineabelle Collazo, Katherine L. Palmerola, Madhumita Parmar, Manish Narasimman, Nicholas Hendon, Juergen Eisermann, Maria Bustillo
F&S Reports.2022; 3(1): 32. CrossRef
Weight Gain After Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Christine N Huynh, Janina V Pearce, Le Kang, Francesco S Celi
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.2021; 106(1): 282. CrossRef
Weight change in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after total thyroidectomy versus lobectomy
Hae-Ryong Cho, Ra-Yeong Song, Kyung Ho Kang
Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology.2020; 16(2): 127. CrossRef
Postthyroidectomy obesity in a Korean population: does the extent of surgery matter?
Min-Young Park, Sang Eun Nam, Kyoung Sik Park, Madhuri Saindane, Young-Bum Yoo, Jung-Hyun Yang, Ah-Leum Ahn, Jae-Kyung Choi, Won Seo Park
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Body weight change is unpredictable after total thyroidectomy
Ron Glick, Paula Chang, Peter Michail, Jonathan W. Serpell, Simon Grodski, James C. Lee
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Weight Changes After Thyroid Surgery for Patients with Benign Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer: Population-Based Study and Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Naykky Singh Ospina, Ana Castaneda-Guarderas, Oksana Hamidi, Oscar J. Ponce, Wang Zhen, Larry Prokop, Victor M. Montori, Juan P. Brito
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Thyroid hormone and its metabolites in relation to quality of life in patients treated for differentiated thyroid cancer
E.T. Massolt, M. van der Windt, T.I.M. Korevaar, B.L.R. Kam, J.W. Burger, G.J.H. Franssen, I. Lehmphul, J. Köhrle, W.E. Visser, R.P. Peeters
Clinical Endocrinology.2016; 85(5): 781. CrossRef
High Serum Levels of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Sustained Weight Gain in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Undergoing Radioiodine Therapy
Hyo Jung Seo, June-Key Chung, Keon Wook Kang, E. Edmund Kim, Gi Jeong Cheon, Jin Chul Paeng, Dong Soo Lee, Young Joo Park, Do Joon Park, Jae Gol Choe
International Journal of Thyroidology.2016; 9(1): 19. CrossRef

Adrenal gland
Using Growth Hormone Levels to Detect Macroadenoma in Patients with Acromegaly: Ji Young Park, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Yong-Ki Min, Myung-Shik Lee, Moon-Kyu Lee, Kwang-Won Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(4):450-456. Published online December 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.450

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Background

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical differences between acromegalic patients with microadenoma and patients with macroadenoma, and to evaluate the predictive value of growth hormone (GH) levels for early detection of macroadenoma.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of 215 patients diagnosed with a GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. The patients were divided into two groups: the microadenoma group and the macroadenoma group, and the clinical parameters were compared between these two groups. The most sensitive and specific GH values for predicting macroadenoma were selected using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Compared with the microadenoma group, the macroadenoma group had a significantly younger age, higher body mass index, higher prevalence of hyperprolactinemia and hypogonadism, and a lower proportion of positive suppression to octreotide. However, there were no significant differences in the gender or in the prevalence of diabetes between the two groups. The tumor diameter was positively correlated with all GH values during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). All GH values were significantly higher in the macroadenoma group than the microadenoma group. Cut-off values for GH levels at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes for optimal discrimination between macroadenoma and microadenoma were 5.6, 5.7, 6.3, 6.0, and 5.8 ng/mL, respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed that the GH value at 30 minutes had the highest area under the curve.

Conclusion

The GH level of 5.7 ng/mL or higher at 30 minutes during OGTT could provide sufficient information to detect macroadenoma at the time of diagnosis.

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Sex differences in acromegaly at diagnosis: A nationwide cohort study and meta‐analysis of the literature
Jakob Dal, Benedikte G. Skov, Marianne Andersen, Ulla Feldt‐Rasmussen, Claus L. Feltoft, Jesper Karmisholt, Eigil H. Nielsen, Olaf M. Dekkers, Jens Otto L. Jørgensen
Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 94(4): 625. CrossRef
Pretreatment serum GH levels and cardio-metabolic comorbidities in acromegaly; analysis of data from Iran Pituitary Tumor Registry
Leila Hedayati Zafarghandi, Mohammad Ebrahim Khamseh, Milad Fooladgar, Shahrzad Mohseni, Mostafa Qorbani, Nahid Hashemi Madani, Mahboobeh Hemmatabadi, MohammadReza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Nooshin Shirzad
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2020; 19(1): 319. CrossRef
Increased serum nesfatin-1 levels in patients with acromegaly
Yakun Yang, Song Han, Zuocheng Yang, Pengfei Wang, Chang-Xiang Yan, Ning Liu
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Won-Young Lee
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(1): 47. CrossRef

Thyroid
The Validity of Ultrasonography-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy in Thyroid Nodules 4 cm or Larger Depends on Ultrasonography Characteristics: Jin Hwa Kim, Na Kyung Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Hye Jeong Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Sun Wook Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(4):545-552. Published online December 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.545

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Background

The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) according to ultrasonography (US) characteristics in thyroid nodules 4 cm and larger.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 263 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for thyroid nodules larger than 4 cm between January 2001 and December 2010.

Results

The sensitivity of US-FNAB was significantly higher in nodules with calcifications (micro- or macro-) than those without (97.9% vs. 87.% P<0.05). The accuracy of US-FNAB was higher in large thyroid nodules with US features suspicious of malignancy, such as a solid component, ill-defined margin, hypoechogenicity or marked hypoechogenicity, or any calcifications (micro- or macro-) compared to thyroid nodules with none of these features. Furthermore, the accuracy improved as the number of these features increased. The overall false negative rate (FNR) was 11.9%. The FNR of thyroid nodules that appeared benign on US, such as mixed nodules (7.7%) or nodules without calcification (9.8%), trended toward being lower than that of solid nodules (17.9%) or nodules with any microcalcification or macrocalcification (33.3%). In nodules without suspicious features of malignancy, the FNR of US-FNAB was 0% (0/15).

Conclusion

We suggest individualized strategies for large thyroid nodules according to US features. Patients with benign FNAB can be followed in the absence of any malignant features in US. However, if patients exhibit any suspicious features, potential false negative results of FNAB should be kept in mind and surgery may be considered.

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Risk of malignancy and diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration biopsy in thyroid nodules with diameters greater than 4 centimeters
Rafaela N. Barcelos, Cléber P. Camacho, Maria da Conceição de O. C. Mamone, Elza S. Ikejiri, Felipe A. B. Vanderlei, Ji H. Yang, Rosália P. Padovani, Leandro A. L. Martins, Rosa Paula M. Biscolla, Danielle Macellaro, Susan C. Lindsey, Rui M. B. Maciel, Jo
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The comparison of accuracy of ultrasonographic features versus ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules
Mehrdad Nabahati, Zoleika Moazezi, Soude Fartookzadeh, Rahele Mehraeen, Naser Ghaemian, Majid Sharbatdaran
Journal of Ultrasound.2019; 22(3): 315. CrossRef
False negative rate of fine‐needle aspiration in thyroid nodules: impact of nodule size and ultrasound pattern
Hye Shin Ahn, Dong Gyu Na, Jung Hwan Baek, Jin Yong Sung, Ji‐Hoon Kim
Head & Neck.2019; 41(4): 967. CrossRef
Thyroid nodules over 4 cm do not have higher malignancy or benign cytology false-negative rates
Muhammed Kizilgul, Rupendra Shrestha, Angela Radulescu, Maria R. Evasovich, Lynn A. Burmeister
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Nicole A. Cipriani, Michael G. White, Peter Angelos, Raymon H. Grogan
Thyroid.2018; 28(12): 1595. CrossRef
Risk of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules 4 cm or Larger
Uchechukwu C. Megwalu
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Usefulness of NRAS codon 61 mutation analysis and core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules previously diagnosed as atypia of undetermined significance
Eun Kyung Jang, Won Gu Kim, Eui Young Kim, Hyemi Kwon, Yun Mi Choi, Min Ji Jeon, Jung Hwan Baek, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Jene Choi, Dong Eun Song, Won Bae Kim
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Association between neck ultrasonographic findings and clinico‐pathological features in the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Eun Kyung Jang, Won Gu Kim, Yun Mi Choi, Min Ji Jeon, Hyemi Kwon, Jung Hwan Baek, Jeong Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Dong Eun Song, Won Bae Kim
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Thyroid
Cost-of-Illness Trend of Thyroid Gland Disease in Korea: Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2014;29(3):248-250. Published online September 25, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.3.248

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Overdiagnosis of papillary carcinoma — who benefits?
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Thyroid
Low Iodine Diet for Preparation for Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma in Korea: Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2013;28(3):157-163. Published online September 13, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2013.28.3.157

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Preparation for radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy includes an increased serum thyroid stimulating hormone level and a low iodine diet (LID). Because of extremely high iodine intake, some physicians have advocated a more stringent LID for greater than 2 weeks in Korean patients with thyroid cancer prior to RAI therapy; however, it is very difficult to maintain a stringent LID for a longer period of time. According to recent reports in Korea, a nonstringent, simple LID for only 1 week might be enough prior to RAI therapy, if the patients can be educated intensively by specially trained staff. The measurement of simple urinary iodine concentration (UIC; µg/L) may underestimate daily iodine excretion in patients with a urinary volume of more than 1 L/day and can also be affected by dilution status. Simple UIC had a weaker correlation than the iodine/creatinine (I/Cr) ratio. Therefore, the urinary I/Cr ratio can replace 24-hour urine iodine excretion instead of simple UIC, although it may overestimate iodine intake in patients with malnutrition or poor muscle mass. The measurement of serum iodine level might be useful as an adjunct parameter for assessing LID preparation, but its sensitivity and specificity were relatively low compared to the urinary I/Cr ratio.

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Response: Frequency of RAS Mutations and PAX8/PPARgamma Rearrangement in Follicular Thyroid Tumors in Korea.: Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2012;27(3):252-253. Published online September 19, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2012.27.3.252

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Frequency of RAS Mutations and PAX8/PPARgamma Rearrangement in Follicular Thyroid Tumors in Korea.: Hye Jeong Kim, Hye Won Jang, Seo Young Sohn, Yoon La Choi, Hee Jin Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Sun Wook Kim, Jae Hoon Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2012;27(1):45-53. Published online March 1, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2012.27.1.45

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